Opioid Prescribing for Dentists
This is a summary of recommendations drawn from United States national, Washington State, and Oregon guidelines regarding opioid prescribing practices by dental professionals.
Key Consensus Recommendations
- Prioritize non-opioid analgesics such as NSAIDs and acetaminophen as first-line treatments for dental pain.
- Reserve opioid prescriptions for cases where non-opioid treatments are insufficient or contraindicated.
- Prescribe the lowest effective dose of immediate-release opioids for the shortest duration possible (typically 1–3 days, not exceeding 7 days).
- Avoid prescribing extended-release or long-acting opioids for acute dental pain.
- Avoid phone-based opioid prescribing when possible; require in-person evaluation for refills.
- Use multimodal analgesia strategies when appropriate (e.g., combining NSAIDs with acetaminophen).
- Before prescribing opioids, check the state’s Prescription Monitoring Program (PMP) to review the patient’s controlled substance history.
- Discuss the risks and benefits of opioid therapy with patients, including risks of dependence, overdose, and diversion.
- Educate patients on proper storage and disposal of unused opioids.
- Use patient agreements or informed consent forms when prescribing opioids, especially beyond acute use.
- Complete all required continuing education (CE) or training on opioid prescribing regulations in your jurisdiction.
- Follow specific state-mandated rules (e.g., e-prescribing requirements in Washington; DEA training in Oregon).
CDC Clinical Practice Guidelines (2022)
- Recommends NSAIDs as first-line therapy for acute dental pain; opioids only when clearly needed news.oregonstate.edu+15cdc.gov+15nidcr.nih.gov+15.
- If opioids are used, only immediate-release formulations should be prescribed at the lowest effective dose for as short a duration as possible nidcr.nih.gov+1health.com+1.
- Dentists should counsel patients on risks and benefits and monitor use ada.org+15cdc.gov+15co.marion.or.us+15.
American Dental Association (ADA)
- Strongly endorses maximizing non-opioid options, mainly NSAIDs
- Source: ADA Oral Analgesics for Acute Dental Pain.
- Offers education, webinars, and resources to support responsible prescribing oregondental.org+15ada.org+15oregon.gov+15.
Agency Medical Directors’ Group Guidelines (developed in collaboration with the Bree Collaborative)
Regulations
For Dentists:
- WAC 246-817-440 Continuing Education Requirements
- Complete three hours of one-time continuing education on opioid prescribing per WAC 246‑817‑909 before prescribing opioids WAC 246-817-909 Continuing education requirements for opioid prescribing.
- Dental Jurisprudence Examination to be completed for each 3-year renewal period. The exam and information is online only. And it’s free of charge (2021).
For Dentists and Hygienists
- A one-time, 3-hour training related to suicide prevention is required.
- For Hygienists: WAC 246-815-140 Continuing Education Requirements
- CE includes best practices, monitoring rules, and the state law framework.
Monitoring & Oversight
- Washington requires dentists to comply with e‑prescribing mandates and integrate with the Prescription Monitoring Program (PMP) under SB 5380 doh.wa.gov.
- The state’s Bree Collaborative has set opioid‑prescribing metrics and monitors trends to reduce unnecessary use dental.washington.edu+2qualityhealth.org+2doh.wa.gov+2.
Clinical Guidance
- Encouragement to use NSAIDs first, monitor closely, and apply national best practices.
- Sponsored CE like the “Art of Dental Therapeutics” course meets opioid CE requirements dental.washington.edu+1wsdha.com+1.
- Oregon Health Authority (OHA) guidelines discourage phone prescribing, recommend 3‑day or ≤10‑tablet supply, and limit refills unless seen in person oregon.gov.
- Combination opioids preferred over plain formulations; patient education on safe storage and disposal required oregon.gov.
- Opioids should not be prescribed more than seven days post-appointment, and in most cases three days suffice.
Task Force Framework
- OHA convened the 2016 and 2018 task forces to align acute dental pain care with CDC standards jada.ada.org+1cdc.gov+1.
Regulatory Oversight
- The Oregon Medical Board enforces requirements: material‑risk notice, patient agreements, periodic use of PMP, and urine drug screening if used beyond acute pain
- DEA requires 8 hours of controlled-substance training tied to DEA registration renewal oregondental.org.